Semaglutide (brand names Ozempic and Wegovy) is a medication that helps improve blood sugar levels in people with type 2 diabetes. It’s a drug that belongs to a class of drugs called glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists.
In the past, doctors have advised patients who use this drug to stop taking it before they try to get pregnant. But now, health experts are raising a red flag about ozempic and pregnancy: It may affect the development of your baby.
Semaglutide may affect fetal development
GLP-1 receptor agonists, such as Ozempic and Wegovy, have been linked to fetal malformations and early pregnancy loss. This is because of a slower rate at which your stomach empties, which may impair the fetus’s growth during development.
In animal studies, rats, rabbits, and monkeys that were treated with semaglutide had higher miscarriage rates, smaller babies, and more birth defects than would normally be expected. It is not known whether the fetal problems were due to weight loss or the drug itself, but it is important to talk to your doctor about any questions you have.
You should also talk to your doctor about any procedures that you plan on having done while on ozempic, such as egg retrieval, which can increase the risk of aspiration (the gastric contents of your stomach entering your airway and breathing). Many doctors who prescribe ozempic are now advising patients to take a break for a few weeks before any sedation or anesthesia.
It can increase the risk of thyroid cancer
Ozempic (semaglutide) and medicines like it may increase the risk of thyroid cancer in people with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid cancer or a rare endocrine condition called multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2. Talk to your doctor about this risk if you have these conditions or a family history.
Studies in rats and rabbits have shown that semaglutide can harm a fetus, including death and abnormal development of organs or parts of the skeleton. This was more likely when semaglutide was given at higher doses or for longer periods of time.
It may also cause too low blood sugar in some people with diabetes who also take other glucose control medicines. Monitor your blood sugar closely and get help if you have symptoms of too low sugar, such as dizziness, blurred vision, or mood changes.
Ozempic is injected under the skin, usually once a week on the same day each week. It is usually started at a low dose and is gradually increased over 4 weeks to 30 days. Use it only as directed by your doctor.
It can affect your menstrual cycle
The medication may cause your menstrual cycle to start earlier than normal. This is a normal side effect of semaglutide, but it can be uncomfortable for some women.
Ozempic can also cause your blood sugar levels to drop too low (hypoglycemia). You should eat more often or carry small snacks with you in case you feel dizzy or lightheaded.
If you’re pregnant or breastfeeding, talk to your doctor about whether or not Ozempic is safe for you. Your doctor will help you monitor your blood sugar levels and take the right amount of the medicine.
Other possible side effects include spotting, nausea, and fatigue. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your doctor immediately.
It can affect your fertility
Ozempic is a popular GLP-1 receptor agonist (GLA) drug that’s commonly used for Type 2 diabetes management. However, it also has off-label uses — including in women trying to conceive.
The medication can help people lose weight and improve insulin sensitivity, which both affect fertility. And it may also improve ovulation in some people with polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS.
If you’re thinking of trying to conceive while on ozempic, it’s important to stop taking it at least two months before you plan to become pregnant. This can reduce the risk of fetal damage and miscarriage, according to Healthline.
It’s also important to note that semaglutide can harm your unborn child or pass into breast milk, so you should avoid breastfeeding while you take the medication.
If you’re on the medication, it’s important to monitor your blood sugar levels and make sure you’re avoiding alcohol and other foods that can cause low blood sugar. You should also talk with your doctor about any concerns you have.